Here's how I'd approach the whole thing. First, I'd cater everything for a long, long time, but I'd do it in a fellowship that wanted 10 chests and was willing to give me the goods to cater. After all, it's a lot cheaper for a chapter 5 city to cater provinces than a chapter 10. So find a group who want to support you by contributing goods to you each week. You do the work of catering deep into the tournament and they get the tournament points needed to reach 10 chests. AND, you get the space as you aren't relying on your goods production to reach those goals.
Second, then I'd build/upgrade everything as I also climbed the Spire. Hopefully, as you climb, you will get Magic Residences/Workshops ever so often. Once you get about 5 Magic Workshops and 10 Magic Residences you won't need any of the normal ones and, since you will have a stock of blueprints you can upgrade them as you go. It took me a couple years to get enough in my case but you are parked for a reason, right?
Third, now that you've cleared some space and are contributing to your fellowship nicely, you can afford to build the armories you will need. I'd build at least 6. I'd also craft like crazy picking up all the military buff buildings I can. In one city I did this and ended up with about 100 of each. That enabled me to go for a year at 8000+ tournament average.
Fourth, I'd raise the Golden Abyss as high as I could since, that, too, reduces the need for residences. One thing I've noticed in this game is that people often get to 50 residences at around chapter 10 to 12. Sadly, I think, they don't realize they can run on a lot fewer (both my cities in ch 16 and 19 have 6 and 7), and thus they lose a lot of space with fifteen to twenty residences.
Finally, once you have everything ready to go, I'd park at the end of every chapter and repeat all this, upgrading everything and all that, until I got to chapter 8-10 where I'd start making the transition to being a fighting city. And since you already have a lot of resources in inventory and six armories you can add the military AW's and upgrade them as they show up.
That's how I'd do it, anyway.
AJ